Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies—such as rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater—by harmful substances, making the water unsafe for humans, animals, and the environment. It occurs when pollutants, including chemicals, plastics, industrial waste, sewage, oil spills, and agricultural runoff, enter the water supply.
Chemical Pollution – Caused by pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial chemicals.
Biological Pollution – Bacteria, viruses, and parasites from sewage and animal waste.
Physical Pollution – Plastic waste, sediment, and debris that harm aquatic life.
Thermal Pollution – Hot water discharge from power plants and factories that disrupts aquatic ecosystems.